Article
Innovative stabilization of frozen sand with CSA cement for cold-region engineering applications
Keywords
Abstract
Frozen soil forms when temperatures drop below 0°C. In these conditions, water in soil pores freezes, increasing the soil’s strength and stiffness. In Kazakhstan, seasonal freezing in the Kostanay, Akmola, and Pavlodar regions affects road construction due to severe winters. On a global scale, frozen soil covers about 24% of the world’s surface area and has significant impact on contemporary construction, ecosystems, and climate change.
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